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噪音噪声对仪器设备和建筑结构的危害

噪音噪声对仪器设备和建筑结构的危害

    实验研究表明,特强噪声会损伤仪器设备,甚至使仪器设备失效。噪声对仪器设备的影响与噪声强度、频率以及仪器设备本身的结构与安装方式等因素有关。当噪声级超过150dB时,会严重损坏电阻、电容、晶体管等元件。当特强噪声作用于火箭、宇航器等机械结构时,由于受声频交变负载的反复作用,会使材料产生疲劳现象而断裂,这种现象叫做声疲劳。

    一般的噪声对建筑物几乎没有什么影响,但是噪声级超过140dB时,对轻型建筑开始有破坏作用。例如,当超声速飞机在低空掠过时,在飞机头部和尾部会产生压力和密度突变,经地面反射后形成N形冲击波,传到地面时听起来像爆炸声,这种特殊的噪声叫做轰声。在轰声的作用下,建筑物会受到不同程度的破坏,如出现门窗损伤、玻璃破碎、墙壁开裂、抹灰震落、烟囱倒塌等现象。由于轰声衰减较慢,因此传播较远,影响范围较广。此外,在建筑物附近使用空气锤、打桩或爆破,也会导致建筑物的损伤。

    噪声是一类引起人烦躁、或音量过强而危害人体健康的声音。噪声污染主要来源于交通运输、车辆鸣笛、工业噪音、建筑施工、社会噪音如音乐厅、高音喇叭、早市和人的大声说话等。 www.geyin365.com

 

Noise Noise on equipment and building structure damage
    Experimental studies have shown that exceptionally strong noise can damage equipment, even equipment failure. The impact of noise on the equipment and noise intensity, frequency and structure of its own equipment and installation and other factors. When the noise level exceeds 150dB, it will severely damaged resistors, capacitors, transistors and other components. Dante strong noise acting on the rocket, aerospace, etc., when the mechanical structure, due to voice the role of alternating repeated load will lead to material fatigue and fracture phenomena, this phenomenon is called acoustic fatigue.

    The noise in general had little impact on buildings, but the noise level exceeds 140dB when the construction started on the damaging effects of light. For example, when passing at low altitude supersonic aircraft, when the head and tail of the aircraft will have the pressure and density of mutations through the surface formed after the N-shaped shock wave reflection, reached the ground sounds like explosions, this special sound of noise is called the H - . Under the action of the sound of the bombardment, the building will be subject to different degrees of damage, such as door and window damage occurs, the glass shattered, walls cracking, plastering Zhen Luo, a chimney collapsed and so on. Acoustic attenuation due to H-slow, so far spread, affecting a wider scope. In addition, the use of the building near the air hammer, piling or blasting, will lead to building damage.

    Noise is a kind of annoyance caused by people, or the volume too strong and harmful to human health voice. Noise pollution comes mainly from transportation vehicles whistle, industrial noise, construction, community noise, such as concert halls, loudspeakers, Morning and people speak loudly and so on.